Antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of Eucommia ulmoides oliver leaf extracts

The total phenolic content, flavonoid content, in vitro xanthine oxidase [XOD] inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity [AA] of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver leaf extracts were investigated. The AA investigations included 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] assay, beta-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assay and oxygen radical absorbance capacity [ORAC] test. The ethyl acetate fraction [EE] showed the highest AA and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. Whilst the lowest 50% inhibition [IC50] value of this fraction for DPPH free radical scavenging was 0.045mg/mL, its highest ORAC value was 10.57 µmol TE/mg. The highest inhibition rate against linoleic acid oxidation observed was 69.41%, and the lowest IC50 value for xanthine oxidase activity inhibition was 2.47mg/mL. These results show that E. ulmoides leaf extract is a promising source of natural antioxidants because it contains high contents of bioactive compounds, including chlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperin and astragalin, as detected by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS

Monosaccharide Composition Analysis of Arabinoxylan by High Performance Anion Exchange Chromatography with Pulsed Amperometric Detection / 分析化学

A method of complete acid hydrolysis combined with high performance anion exchange chromatography and pulsed amperometric detection was developed for the monosaccharide composition analysis of arabinoxylan from the seeds of Plantago asiatica L. The parameters including hydrolysis methods, acid types, acid concentration, hydrolysis temperature, hydrolysis time and placement time, which would affect the hydrolysis process, were optimized. The results showed that it would have a better hydrolysis effect for polysaccharide from the seeds of Plantago asiatica L. with 2 mol/L H2 SO4 in an atmospheric oil bath at 120℃for 2 hours. However, the placement time for diluted solution of the hydrolyzed polysaccharide should be less than 6 hours. The polysaccharide was mainly composed of Arabinose (8. 89%) and Xylose (41. 52%) and Galacturonic acid (0. 73%). Glcuronic acid (3. 44%) was detected simultaneously, and there were also trace amounts of Galatose and Glucose. The results were reproducible. Other arabinoxylans from Panicummiliaceum L. shell, Avena sativa L. bran and Hordeum vulgare L. were taken for monosaccharide compositions analysis under the optimal hydrolysis conditions and the analysis results were good. This study would provide a good reference for monosaccharides composition analysis of arabinoxylans from various sources.

Effect of quercetin exposure during the prepubertal period on ovarian development and reproductive endocrinology of mice / 药学学报

This study is to explore the effects of quercetin (QUE) on the 3 week-old mice ovarian development and relative hormone levels. The 3 week-old mice were exposed to QUE (45, 25, and 5 mg x kg(-1) x hd(-1)) by gavage for 50 days. The estrous cycle during 50 days and the changes of hormone level such as FSH, LH, etc were monitored. Moreover, the ovaries were removed after sacrifice. The organ index was measured, and the ratios of different stages of follicles were analyzed by HE staining. Furthermore, the proportion of PCNA positive cells during all stages was detected by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that QUE could increase body weight of mice and reduce the anogenital distance (AGD) to some extent, and was able to disrupt mice's estrous cycle, but it could not extend or reduce the cycle regularity. It increased ovarian organ index with a dose-dependent manner. The proportion of the primordial follicle and secondary follicles rose obviously, and that of mature follicles', atretic follicles' and corpus luteums' reduced, while primordial follicle had no change. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that QUE could effectively increase the percentage of proliferating cells in all kinds of follicles. Serum hormone assay showed that there were significant changes of FSH and LH levels. In summary, QUE showed an estrogen-like effect on mice's ovarian development. The weight of ovary, the proportion of all kinds of follicles, the development of ovarian cells and the level of plasma hormone in mice were altered obviously by oral administration of QUE.

Effects of phenylethanoid glycosides from seeds of Plantago asiatica on maturation of dendritic cells / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To elucidate the immunomodulatory mechanism of phenylethanoid glycosides from the seeds of Plantago asiatica by testing its effects on the maturing of murine bone marrow derived dendritic cells (DCs).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Monocytes generated from bone marrow of Balb/cj mouse were cultured for 6 days in complete RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% FBS, rmGM-CSF and rmIL-4.50 mg x L(-1) acteoside or isoacteoside was added to cells on day 6 of culture for 24 h. The surface molecules expression level of DCs and their phagocytose ability were analysis by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Both acteoside and isoacteoside could increase the expression of CD11c, CD86, MHC II and CD80 on DCs surface. The ability of unstimulated DCs to uptake FITC-dextran was higher than that of phenylethanoid glycosides or LPS treated DCs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both acteoside and isoacteoside could induce maturation of murine dendritic cells.</p>

THE ANTIOXIDATIVE ACTIVITY AND ANTI-PROLIFERATION ACTIVITY OF PURIFIED TEA POLYSACCHARIDE AGAINST TWO COLON CANCER CELL LINES / 营养学报

Objective:To study the antioxidant activity and anticancer activity of tea polysaccharide.Methods:Tea polysaccharide was extracted and purified by gel permeation chromatography from coarse old green tea leaves obtained from Wuyuan county of Jiangxi province in China.The antioxidant activity of the tea polysaccharide was evaluated by determining the change in absorbancy after heat-induced oxidation in a linoleic acid system with ?-carotene,the decoloration of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and the elimination of superoxide generated from autoxidation of pyrogallol.On the other hand,the anticancer activities of tea polysaccharide at different concentrations were evaluated by MTT assay using two colon cancer cell lines(HCT-15,Caco-2).Results:Tea polysaccharide possessed distinctive antioxidative activity.The anti-proliferation capabilities of the tea polysaccharide against the tested human colon cancer cell lines were different under the designed experiment conditions.The tea polysaccharide with high purity exhibited good anti-proliferation activity against HCT-15 at concentration of 7.0?mol/L.Conclusion : Tea polysaccharide has remarkable antioxidative and anticancer bioactivities..